Dr.
Schmoll
Why world
history?
Most
historical studies go the opposite way, requiring historians to study more and
more focused periods of time and space. So why is there a push to study world
history? Better said, what is the virtue of a world historical lens?
1. Bring
about awareness that Europe and the U.S. are not all there is…
2.
Comparative Analysis…
THEMES OF
THE WEEK:
·
Empires in Collision
·
Disease
·
War
·
Empires of Faith
·
Human Movement
·
Technology and Industrialization
·
Nationalism
·
Revolts and Revolutions
·
Economic Globalization
Empires in
Collision
How do you
define empire? What constitutes empire?
Is it
power, control, military, ideological, economic, sexual, racial?
What are
the proper terms by which we should discuss an age of empires?
“Movement”
“Conquest”
“Discovery”
“Exchange”
“Destruction”
The
Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (2011)
"It
is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will
not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among
humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states
will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal
conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different
civilizations. The clash of civilizations will dominate global politics. The
fault lines between civilizations will be the battle lines of the future."
… Samuel Huntington
EMPIRE IS DEATH: COLLISIONS OF PEOPLES IN INDIA,
AFRICA, and EUROPE
1.
The Mughal Empire: 1526-1858CE
Agra and
Delhi as capitals
Influential
Mughal Emperors:
– Babur
(1526-1530) The First of the Mughals
– Humayun
(1530-1556) The Luckless Leader
– Akbar
(1556-1605) The Great
– Jahangir
(1605-1627) The Paragon of Stability
– Shah
Jahan (1627-1658) The Master Builder
– Aurangzeb
(1658-1707) The Intolerant
– Bahadur
Shah Zafar (1775-1862) The Puppet
BABUR
ABU AKBAR
Fatehpur
Sikri, 1571 to 1585
Akbar
ended the tax on non-Muslims.
Akbar was
a great military leader.
(1868)
Mughal war
elephants
Akbar
and Godism:
Akbar took
the policy of religious toleration even further by breaking with conventional Islam.
The
Emperor proclaimed an entirely new state religion of 'God-ism' (Din-i-ilahi)
- a jumble of Islamic, Hindu, Christian
and Buddhist
teaching with himself as deity.
Shah Jahan
(1627-1658) (The Master Builder)
Taj Mahal
How did
this empire end?
Internal
strife…
External
pressure…
The great
Mughal city of Calcutta
came under
the control of the
East
India Company in
1696.
Europeans
and European - backed
by Hindu
princes conquered most
of the
Mughal territory in a few decades.
2.
Songhay/Songhai
Ibn
Bututta
--travelled
from 1325-1354
--75,000
miles
In the
1400s, Songhay rose to power under Sonni Ali the Great, replacing Mali as the
major power in the region.
Askia the
Great (1442-1538) ruled over the Songhai.
After Sonni Ali's death, General
Mohammed Ture, a devout Muslim, took power(in 1493).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1vhx5OHfekk
(ahmed baba and Songhay)
How did
the Songhay end?
In 1591
the Moroccan army invaded.
3.
Europe Invades the World:
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
“By the time of Cortés' assault on the mainland, the Spaniards had created in the Caribbean a perfect base camp for that assault. When the conquistadors moved into Mexico, Honduras, Florida, and elsewhere, they carried smallpox and many other maladies, freshened by recent passage through the bodies of the Arawaks. The Spaniards rode on horses bred in the Antilles, and wardogs from the same islands trotted beside them. Their saddlebags were packed with cakes of Caribbean cassava. Behind the conquistadors, herded along by Indian servants, came herds of swine, cattle and goats all of which had been born in the islands. In the span of the first post-Columbian generation, the Spanish had created in the Caribbean the wherewithal to conquer half a world.”
…ALFRED CROSBY
Ferdinand
Magellan:
1519-1522
The Spanish Conquest of Mexico
1519-1521
Hernan
de Cortes:
Montezuma
II
Tenochtitlan:
Capital of the Aztec Empire
Malinche
interprets for the Spaniards when Montezuma meets Cortés.
Bernal
Diaz del Castillo:
"I
remember in the plaza where some of their oratories stood, there were piles of
human skulls so regularly arranged that one could count them, and I estimated
them at more than a hundred thousand. And in another part of the plaza there
were so many piles of dead men's thigh bones that one could not count them;
there was also a large number of skulls strung between beams of weed, and three
priests who had charge of these bones and skulls were guarding them. We had
occasion to see many such thing later on as we penetrated into the country for
the same custom was observed in all the towns."
(account
from the 1520s)
American
Indian Population in North America:
1,894,350 in 1500
1 million
in 1760
500,000 by
1900
MS
Biloxi 1650
1000 Mooney (1928) w/ Pascagoula,
MS
Biloxi
1698 420 total, per Swanton (1944)
MS
Biloxi
1720 175 total, per Swanton (1944)
MS
Biloxi
1805 105 total, per Swanton (1944)
MS
Biloxi 1829
65 total, per Swanton (1944)
OK
Biloxi
1908 6 to 8, total, per Swanton (1944)
OK
Biloxi
1910 0 this tribe is Extinct!
FL
Calusa
1650 3000 Mooney (1928) estimate
FL
Calusa
1680 960 passed through 5 villages
FL
Calusa
1839 250 warriors, that attacked Harney
FL
Calusa
1850 0 this tribe is Extinct!
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